In short
Electronic Stability Control — corrects skids by selectively braking individual wheels.
Electronic Stability Control (ESC) is a safety system that detects when the car begins to skid and brakes individual wheels to bring it back into line. Mandatory in new EU cars since 2014.
On the driving test, ESC works in the background — the examiner won't mention it, but it is one of the safety systems that means modern test cars handle emergency stops well.
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